![]() When blunt abdominal trauma is complicated by 'internal injury,' the liver and spleen (see blunt splenic trauma) are most frequently involved, followed by the small intestine. Classic examples of these mechanisms are a hepatic tear along the ligamentum teres and injuries to the renal arteries. ![]() This can cause tearing of the mesentery of the bowel and injury to the blood vessels that travel within the mesentery. This force may deform a hollow organ, increasing its intraluminal or internal pressure and possibly lead to rupture.ĭeceleration, on the other hand, causes stretching and shearing at the points where mobile contents in the abdomen, like bowel, are anchored. The former occurs from a direct blow, such as a punch, or compression against a non-yielding object such as a seat belt or steering column. There are two basic physical mechanisms at play with the potential of injury to intra-abdominal organs: compression and deceleration. Initially, there may be few indications that serious internal abdominal injury has occurred, making assessment more challenging and requiring a high degree of clinical suspicion. 75% of BAT occurs in motor vehicle crashes, in which rapid deceleration may propel the driver into the steering wheel, dashboard, or seatbelt, causing contusions in less serious cases, or rupture of internal organs from briefly increased intraluminal pressure in the more serious, depending on the force applied. Classification Blunt abdominal trauma Abdominal CT showing left renal artery injuryīlunt abdominal trauma (BAT) represents 75% of all blunt trauma and is the most common example of this injury. ![]() īlunt trauma represents a significant cause of disability and death in people under the age of 35 years worldwide. ![]() ![]() īlunt trauma can result in contusions, abrasions, lacerations, internal hemorrhages, bone fractures, as well as death. It is contrasted with penetrating trauma which occurs when an object pierces the skin and enters a tissue of the body, creating an open wound and bruise. Blunt injury, non-penetrating trauma, traumaīruising, occasionally complicated as hypoxia, ventilation-perfusion mismatch, hypovolemia, reduced cardiac outputīlunt trauma, also known as blunt force trauma or non-penetrating trauma, is physical trauma or impactful force to a body part, often occurring with road traffic collisions, direct blows, assaults, injuries during sports, and particularly in the elderly who fall. ![]()
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